A wide variety of thermal problems can be found in the behavior of solids as well as in fluid mechanical processes. Often, these are in fact closely coupled and require an extensive understanding of both the fluidic and the structural mechanical processes.
The wide spectrum of thermal calculations ranges from heat conduction in components, also in connection with the calculation of residual stress or thermal stresses, to the large area of heat transfer (fluid-solid or fluid-fluid) in single-phase and multiphase systems, to phase transition processes such as those occurring in the solidification of solid bodies, the condensation of steams, or the oppositely directed process of evaporation.
Specific conditions such as the anisotropy of thermal properties, the coupling with chemical and biological processes (endothermic and exothermic reactions) as well as buoyancy processes, fog formation or cavitation in fluid systems find combined entry into the thermal models of ASD.
